Replacing a hard drive isn't all that difficult. It's easier than rebuilding an engine, that's for sure. Please back up any information you want to keep prior to replacing the hard drive to disc or tape. If the hard drive straight up died go ahead and proceed.
First we need to diagnose and sort out what type of hard drive you have. If you have a SCSI hard drive then most likely you are already aware of what sort you have and probably don't need a guide on how to replace one.
But if aren't sure what sort of hard drive you have then most likely you have an IDE hard drive which also goes by the following names: EIDE, ATA, PATA. They use the same type of 40 pin ribbon cable. Note that if you have an ATA100 hard drive then you will need an 80 pin ribbon cable and it should have a blue connector on the end.
If you have a SATA hard drive which can be identified by a round cable connected into the back end of the hard drive then you would want to buy a new SATA based hard drive at a retailer at a traditional brick and mortar store or an online retailer.
After you have sorted out what needs to be replaced with a new unit and have purchased and have the new hard drive on hand remove the old hard drive and then put in the new hard drive and either screw it back in or use the no tool tabs that was holding the hard drive in place. Then reconnect the cable.
There are jumper pins on the rear of the hard drive that will be identified on the labeling which should be located on the top side of the hard drive with settings such as: Master, Slave, Cable Select. These should not need to be adjusted unless you are moving around the cable connected to the motherboard to a different slot.
After you have the new hard drive installed you might want to leave the case off for a moment and power the computer on and insert your operating system disc into the CD-ROM drive and make sure the computer boots from the disc. After you have everything sorted out you can go ahead and replace the computer case.
Source : goarticles by S. Hupp
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